Lung Cancer Screening - Do Chest X-Rays Help?

There is one indisputable fact about lung cancer --stages. Further, those who were detected with
the earlier the disease is detected, the better therelatively slow-growing tumors had to undergo
chances of curing it. This is why lung cancersurgery and other treatments that were not
screening is of prime importance.really needed.
Doctors point out that although the overallHowever, many things have changed since the
survival rate for lung cancer at the five-yeartime those studies were done. Today, x-rays are
mark is only 15%, the survival rate for thosefar more sensitive than they were back then. In
whose cancer was detected early and could beaddition, there is a battery of refined tests
surgically treated is as high as 80%. For thisavailable that can be used to follow up on any
reason, some doctors recommend periodic lungproblems detected with the x-ray.
cancer screening with chest x-rays.A new study is being conducted by the National
Once this disease has progressed somewhat, itCancer Institute on a group of 150,000 healthy
will spread rapidly to other areas of the lung andadults. This study, sponsored by the American
to critical organs all over the body. At that stage,government, divides these 150,000 people into
surgery is no longer a viable treatment method.two equal groups -- one group is screened
Unfortunately, the early stages of lung cancer doannually with x-rays, while the other (forming the
not give rise to any alarming symptoms. Commoncontrol group) does not receive such screening.
symptoms include a persistent cough, a tendencyThe preliminary results show that about doctors
to get respiratory illnesses, etc. These symptomsfound something abnormal in almost 6,000 people.
are not linked to lung cancer alone. This is whyThey were followed upon with CAT scans, more
lung cancer is rarely diagnosed till it is too late.x-rays and other diagnostic tests. From among
In this context, regular screening for lung cancerthese people, 206 had biopsies done. Eventually,
-- at least for those who are most at risk of126 people were diagnosed with cancer. This is
developing it, like smokers -- seems like a sensibleonly 2.1% of the original group of 6,000 with
choice. However, unlike in the case of many otherabnormalities in their x-rays.
diseases (including other cancers), there is no trulyThe bad news is that the 6,000 represent a large
effective screening test available for lung cancer.number of false positives. It resulted in
In most cases, lung cancer is detected whenunnecessary follow up x-rays, CAT scans, etc.
doing tests like chest x-rays for other healthThe good news is that out of those detected
problems. Because of the risks involved, mostwith cancer, fully 44% were at the earliest
doctors do not recommend chest x-rays as astages of the disease -- when the cancer is most
routine screening procedure. Many believed (tilltreatable and the chances of survival highest.
recently) that chest x-rays can be fairlyThe final results from this ongoing study will only
misleading when it comes to detecting cancer.be available some years from now. But based on
This conclusion was based on studies conductedthe preliminary results, it appears that regular lung
during the 1970s. Those studies showed thatcancer screening with chest x-rays may help at
chest x-rays were not effective at detectingearly detection and a better cure-rate for this
dangerous, fast-spreading tumors at the earliestdisease.