| kidney cancer affects men about twice as often | | | | size of the tumor and whether the cancer has |
| as women. most people who contract this disease | | | | spread to other organs. kidney cancer is treated |
| are over the age of 50.causesthe exact causes | | | | with surgery, embolization, or hormone therapy, |
| of kidney cancer are not well understood. kidney | | | | biological therapy, or chemotherapy, which are |
| cancer is not contagious; no one can catch any | | | | forms of systemic therapy and rarely radiation |
| type of cancer from another person.scientists | | | | therapy.surgerymost kidney cancer patients have |
| have learned that smoking is a major risk factor | | | | surgery, an operation called radical nephrectomy. |
| for kidney cancer. smokers are twice as likely to | | | | in some cases, the surgeon removes the whole |
| get this disease as nonsmokers. several studies | | | | kidney or just the part of the kidney that |
| also suggest that the risk of developing kidney | | | | contains the tumor. more often, the surgeon |
| cancer may be higher than average among people | | | | removes the whole kidney along with the adrenal |
| with certain jobs. groups with increased risk | | | | gland and the fat around the kidney. also, nearby |
| include coke oven workers and those who work | | | | lymph nodes may be removed because they are |
| with asbestos. research also shows that being | | | | one of the first places where kidney cancer |
| overweight can increase the chance of getting | | | | spreads. finding cancer cells in the lymph nodes |
| some types of cancer. kidney cancer may be one | | | | means there may be cancer elsewhere in the |
| of them.symptomsthe most common symptom | | | | body.radical nephrectomy is major surgery. for a |
| of kidney cancer is blood in the urine. in some | | | | few days after the operation, most patients need |
| cases, a person can actually see the blood. it may | | | | medicine to relieve pain. discomfort may make it |
| be present one day and not the next. another | | | | difficult to breathe deeply, and patients have to |
| symptom of kidney cancer is a lump or mass | | | | do special coughing and breathing exercises to |
| that can be felt in the kidney area. the tumor | | | | keep their lungs clear. patients may need iv |
| may cause a dull ache or pain in the back or | | | | (intravenous) feedings and fluids for several days |
| side.investigationto diagnose kidney cancer, the | | | | before and after the operation. nurses will keep |
| patients personal and family medical history is | | | | track of the amount of fluid the patient takes in |
| taken and a thorough physical examination is | | | | and the amount of urine produced. the remaining |
| conducted. in addition to checking temperature, | | | | kidney takes over the work of the one that was |
| pulse, blood pressure, and other general signs of | | | | removed.embolizationin embolization, a substance |
| health, the doctor usually orders blood and urine | | | | is injected to clog the renal blood vessels. the |
| tests and one or more of the below mentioned | | | | tumor shrinks because it does not get the blood |
| exams :treatmentif these tests suggest that a | | | | supply it needs to grow. in some cases, |
| tumor is present, it is important to know the | | | | embolization makes surgery easier. when surgery |
| extent, or stage, of the disease. because kidney | | | | is not possible, this treatment may help reduce |
| cancer can spread to the bones, lungs, liver, or | | | | pain and bleeding.embolization can cause pain, |
| brain, staging procedures may include special | | | | fever, nausea, or vomiting. these problems are |
| x-rays and tests to check these organs.treatment | | | | treated with medicine. often, patients also require |
| for kidney cancer depends on the location and | | | | intravenous fluids. |