Lung Cancer in Non-Smokers

More and more often, I come across cases ofcancer may be caused by air pollution in the
nonsmokers who develop lung cancer. MySwedish capital city, Stockholm.
attention is always drawn to news of this naturePast Cancer Treatment: Researchers in Sweden
because my husband passed away at the age ofwho looked at the medical records of 140,000
51 from brain and lung cancer. He never smokedbreast cancer patients found that there was an
a day in his life.increase of lung cancer 5 to 20 years after
The complacency non-smokers have shared overbreast cancer treatment. Suspicion is that
the years is no longer a viable option. Smokersradiotherapy in the chest area may have made
and non-smokers alike are vulnerable to a diseasethe lungs more susceptible to the disease.
which is largely incurable. Among patients with lungEstrogen Replacement Therapy: According to
cancer, only about 14% live five years after theirresearchers at the University of Pittsburg,
diagnosis.estrogen may fuel the growth of non small-cell
In the face of a disease that seems to havelung cancer.
neither rhyme nor reason, what can we do toWhat preventative measures can we take?
protect ourselves? First, assess your risk for lungDiet: An apple a day may keep lung cancer away.
cancer; then take measures to prevent theA Finnish study suggests that apples not only
disease.keep doctors away, but provide protection for
What are the risk factors for lung cancer?the lungs as well. This study found that people
Gender: Unfortunately, women seem to be morewho ate the most apples were 58 % less likely
vulnerable to lung cancer. Research has shownto develop lung cancer. Other studies suggest that
that female smokers are more susceptible to thelung cancer risk is lower among smokers and non
cancer-causing chemicals found in cigarettes. Insmokers who ate at least 5 servings of
another study, a gene linked to abnormal lungvegetables and fruits daily.
cancer cell growth was found to be more activeBeta Carotene: A high intake of beta carotene
in women than in men. It did not matter whethercompounds can lower your lung cancer risk;
the women smoked or not.however, studies also show that the beta
A family history of lung cancer: Evidence suggestscarotene is only effective when the compounds
that there is a lung cancer gene whichare ingested from whole foods such as peaches,
predisposes offspring to develop lung cancer.melon, carrots, mangoes, dark leafy vegetables,
However, the evidence is far from conclusive assquash etc. The opposite effect seems to take
the situation is made difficult by the fact thatplace with beta carotene supplements. A Finnish
offspring of smokers have been exposed to astudy reported 18% more lung cancer cases
smoking environment since childhood and wouldamong heavy smokers who took beta carotene
therefore have a greater risk for developing thesupplements. And a National Cancer Study on the
disease.effects of vitamin A and beta carotene was
Scarring from previous lung disease : Scarring inhalted because smokers taking the supplements
lungs caused by tuberculosis or other lung diseasehad 28% more lung cancer than those taking a
can be a risk factor for lung cancer.placebo.
Second-hand smoke: Exposure to second-handSelenium and Vitamin C: Taking selenium
smoke has been shown to be a definite risksupplements on a long- term basis has been
factor. Your risk increases by 30 percent fromshown to decrease the incidence of lung cancer.
daily exposure to second-hand smoke. This isIn one study, people taking 55-200 mcg of the
probably the most significant risk factor for lungmineral daily had a 46% lower rate of lung cancer.
cancer in non-smokers.As well, studies indicate that people who take less
Exposure to radon: Radon is an odorless gas thanthan 90 mg of vitamin C on a daily basis may
can seep out of the soil into buildings. Worse yet,have a 90% higher risk of lung cancer than those
the gas can seep from the soil into water nearwho take 140mg or more.
residential communities. Radon has been implicatedAvoid second-hand smoke and check your house
as a potential cause of lung cancer.for radon.
Air pollution: Long-term occupational exposure toThere are never guarantees in life, but it makes
diesel exhaust fumes may increase lung cancerperfectly good sense to take some preventative
risk by 47%. Air pollution in general is a risk factormeasures as these can not only improve your
in the general population. Swedish researchersoverall quality of health and life but also prevent
estimate that as many as 1 in 10 cases of lunglung cancer.